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Koilanemos is a small village located on the Karpasia/Karpaz peninsula, four miles southwest of Yialousa/Yeni Erenköy(205) municipality. There are two common claims regarding the origin of its name. One claim is that Kilanemos means “windy valley” in Greek, a combination of koilada, or valley, and anemos, or wind. The second claim is that the name of the village is a corruption of the Italian word “Collina,” which means “hill.” Turkish Cypriots apparently accepted the first version and in 1975 renamed the village Esenköy, meaning “windy village.”
Historical Population:
As can be seen from the chart above, Koilanemos was always a mixed hamlet with a Turkish Cypriot minority. While the Turkish Cypriot population fluctuated between 3 and 17 during the first half of the century, their Greek Cypriot neighbors’ numbers increased, gradually rising from 62 in 1901, to 136 in 1946. On the other hand, fifteen years later, the1960 census recorded a decline in both the Greek Cypriot population and also in the total population of the village. The total population of the village dropped considerably from 153 persons in 1946 to 97 in 1960.
Displacement:
The first recorded conflict-related displacement took place in 1958, when all the Turkish Cypriots of the village fled to Famagusta. Most went back to the village in 1960. However they fled the village once again in December 1963. Although, in 1971, Patrick found no Turkish Cypriots living there, the 1973 census recorded nine Turkish Cypriots residing in the village. On the other hand, all of its Greek Cypriot inhabitants were displaced in 1974 and 1976. Most fled in August 1974 from the advancing Turkish army to the southern part of the island. However, some of the Greek Cypriots of Koilanemos chose to stay and they were enclaved in the village until early 1976. According to Jack Goodwin, there were almost 29 Greek Cypriots still living in the village in October 1975. This number dropped drastically in a short period of time and by December 1976 there were no Greek Cypriots left in the village. They were all forced to leave. Currently, like the rest of the displaced Greek Cypriots, the Greek Cypriots of Kilanemos are scattered throughout the island’s south. The displaced population of Koilanemos could be estimated to be around 90 since its Greek Cypriot population was 80 in 1973.
Current Inhabitants: Currently the village is primarily inhabited by persons who originally came from Turkey in 1977. They are mainly from the Adana province of southern Turkey. Apart from one family, none of the original Turkish Cypriots of the village live there. The 2006 Turkish Cypriot census puts the total population of the village at 58.
REFERENCES
Books and Reports:
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Colonial Office (1893), “Cyprus: Report on the census of Cyprus, taken 6th April 1891,” Mediterranean, No. 39. London: Colonial Office.
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Department of Statitstics and Research, 1997. Estimates of Turkish Cypriots and Settlers from Turkey, Ministry of Finance [Republic of Cyprus], Nicosia.
- Fehmi, Hasan (2003), “Güney’de Kalan Değerlerimiz,” Lefkoşa (Nicosia): Özyay Matbaacılık.
- Fellahoğlu, Esat (2010), “Ulusal Direnişte Baf Köyleri,” İstanbul: Bayrak Matbaacılık.
- Giray, Halil: KKTC Yerleşim Birimleri, Yürürlükteki ve Eski İsimler Listesi KKTC İskân Bakanlığı : KKTC Coğrafi İsimler Kataloğu : (Cilt – I and II), Lefkoşa.
- Goodwin, Jack C. (1984), “An Historical Toponymy of Cyprus (Forth edition),” Nicosia (copy number 6).
- Hart-Davis, C. H (1922), “Report and general abstracts of the census of 1921, taken on the 24th April, 1921,” London: Waterlow & Sons.
- Hart-Davis, C. H (1932), “Report of the Census of 1931,” Nicosia: Cyprus Government Printing Office.
- Hatay, Mete, (2005). “Beyond Numbers: An Inquiery into the Political Integration of the Turkish ‘Settlers’ in Northern Cyprus,” PRIO/Cyprus Centre Report 4/2005, Nicosia/Oslo, PRIO.
- Hill, Sir George, (1952). A History of Cyprus, Vol. IV., Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.
- Ioannides, Christos P., 1991. “In Turkey’s Image: The Transformation of Occupied Cyprus into a Turkish Province,” Aristide D. Caratzas, New York.
- KKTC Başbakanlık Devlet Planlama Örgütü Müsteşarlığı, “15 Aralık 1996 Genel Nüfus Sayımı Sonuçları (Özet), 26, November 1997,” Nicosia.
- Mavrogordato, Alexander (1901), “Report and general abstracts of the census of 1901, taken on the 1st April, 1901,” Nicosia: Government Printing Office.
- Mavrogordato, Alexander (1912), “Report and general abstracts of the census of 1911, taken on the 2nd April, 1911,” London: Waterlow & Sons.
- Menardos, Simos (2001), Τοπωνημικαι και Λαογραφικαι Μελεται (Topographical and Folkloric Studies), Nicosia: Centre for Scientific Studies
Perry, Frederic W., 1884. Report on the Census of Cyprus 1881, Eyre and Spottiswoode, London.
- Republic of Cyprus, 1961. “Census of Population and Agriculture, 1960: Volume I: Population by Location, Race, and Sex,” Nicosia
- TRNC 2006 census preliminary results can be found at: www.devplan.org
TRNC Prime Ministry State Planning Organisation Statistics and Research Department, Census of Population: Social and Economic Characteristics of Population, December 15, 1996, TRNC Prime Ministry, Nicosia, 1999.
- Standing Cypriot Commission for the Standardization of Geographical Names (2007), “Οδηγος Τυποποιησης Ονοματων (Guide to Standardized Names),” Nicosia: Ministry of Education and Culture.
- Ministry of Finance (1973), “Micro-Census (April 1973) Population by Village and Ethnic Group, Volume I.” Nicosia: Department of Statistics and Research.
- Özad, Murat Hüsnü (2002), “Baf ve Mücadele Yılları,” Lefkoşa (Nicosia): Akdeniz Haber Ajansı Yayınları.
- Patrick, Richard (1976), “Political Geography and the Cyprus Conflict: 1963-1971,” Department of Geography, Faculty of Environmental Studies, University of Waterloo.
- Percival, D.A. (1949), “Census of population and agriculture 1946 report,” Nicosia: Cyprus Government Printing Office.
- Republic of Cyprus (1962), “Census of population and agriculture, 1960,” Nicosia: Government Printing Office.
- Republic of Cyprus (1984), “Census of population 1982,” Nicosia: Department of Statistics and Research, Ministry of Finance.
- Republic of Cyprus (2003), “Census of population 2001,” Nicosia: Department of Statistics and Research, Ministry of Finance.
- St John-Jones, L. W., 1983. “The Population of Cyprus: Demographic Trends and Socio-Economic Influences” (with a foreword by W. H. Morris-Jones), Maurice Temple, Smith Limited, London.
- T.C. Başbakanlık Devlet Arşivleri Genel Müdürlüğü (2000), “Osmanlı İdaresinde Kıbrıs (Nüfus-Arazi Dağılımı ve Türk Vakıfları),” Ankara: Osmanlı Arşivi Daire Başkanlığı Yayın No: 43.
- Yorgancıoğlu, Oğuz: Kıbrıs’ta Türkçe Yer Adları ve Veriliş Yöntemleri Üzerine Bir Araştırma Kıbrıs Araştırmaları Dergisi, Cilt : 2, Sayı : 3, Yıl : 96
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