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Karmi village is situated on the northern foothills of the western part of the Five Finger mountains, only five kilometers southeast of Karavas/Alsancak and eight kilometers southwest of the town of Kyrenia. Karmi was always exclusively inhabited by Greek Cypriots. The meaning of its name is obscure, although Goodwin suggests two possibilities. The first is that it may have an ancient Greek origin, since in Greek mythology Karmi is the name of the daughter of Cassiopia. The second possibility is that during the medieval period the village belonged to Carmelites and so the name Karmi was associated with them. In 1976, Turkish Cypriots changed its name to Karaman because of the name’s resemblance to the original Karmi, though Karaman is also the former name of the Toros mountain range in south Anatolia, often visible from Cyprus. However, the name Karmi is still widely used by its current occupants and by Turkish Cypriots in general.
Historical Population
As can be seen from the chart above, the village was almost always inhabited exclusively by Greek Cypriots. During the first half of the 20th century its population steadily increased from 518 in 1901 to 747 in 1921. However, for reasons that are not clear, its population declined to 672 persons in 1931. There was a temporary recovery after the Second World War, with the numbers increasing to 741 in 1946, but after Cyprus’s independence in 1960 it again dropped to 650. Its population continued to decrease in the 1960s. The 1973 census put Karmi’s population at 528.
Displacement:
All of the village’s Greek Cypriot inhabitants fled after July 20th 1974. Currently, like the rest of the displaced Greek Cypriots, the Greek Cypriots of Karmi are scattered throughout the island’s south. The displaced Greek Cypriot population of Karmi can be estimated to be around 520, since its Greek Cypriot population was 519 in 1973.
Current Inhabitants: Following the displacement of the Greek Cypriot inhabitants of the village in 1974, the village was repopulated in 1975 by some persons who were mostly employed in the tourism sector in Kyrenia. However, the village’s relative distance from the town of Kyrenia, and the ensuing transportation difficulties created discontent amongst the new inhabitants. It is reported that this discontent took the form of protest, and that some even burned furniture and houses. They were removed from the village immediately. The village was never considered a desirable place of relocation by Turkish Cypriots, who refused to be resettled there. As a result, the village remained almost entirely empty for many years, apart from some European inhabitants who had resided in the village before 1974. By the 1980s the disrepair of the village convinced Turkish Cypriot authorities to allow foreigners to take the village’s houses on long-term leases on the condition that they restore them. Currently almost all of Karmi’s inhabitants are Europeans who took up the authorities’ offer of long-term leases and restored the village’s houses. Although the 2006 census shows only 85 people living permanently in Karmi, during certain vacation periods the number of inhabitants can go up to 300. Because new housing was developed in the lower part of Karmi (Aşağı Karaman), this area is more populated than the actual village. The 2006 census put Lower Karmi/Aşağı Karaman’s population at 565.
REFERENCES
Books and Reports:
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Colonial Office (1893), “Cyprus: Report on the census of Cyprus, taken 6th April 1891,” Mediterranean, No. 39. London: Colonial Office.
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Department of Statitstics and Research, 1997. Estimates of Turkish Cypriots and Settlers from Turkey, Ministry of Finance [Republic of Cyprus], Nicosia.
- Fehmi, Hasan (2003), “Güney’de Kalan Değerlerimiz,” Lefkoşa (Nicosia): Özyay Matbaacılık.
- Fellahoğlu, Esat (2010), “Ulusal Direnişte Baf Köyleri,” İstanbul: Bayrak Matbaacılık.
- Giray, Halil: KKTC Yerleşim Birimleri, Yürürlükteki ve Eski İsimler Listesi KKTC İskân Bakanlığı : KKTC Coğrafi İsimler Kataloğu : (Cilt – I and II), Lefkoşa.
- Goodwin, Jack C. (1984), “An Historical Toponymy of Cyprus (Forth edition),” Nicosia (copy number 6).
- Hart-Davis, C. H (1922), “Report and general abstracts of the census of 1921, taken on the 24th April, 1921,” London: Waterlow & Sons.
- Hart-Davis, C. H (1932), “Report of the Census of 1931,” Nicosia: Cyprus Government Printing Office.
- Hatay, Mete, (2005). “Beyond Numbers: An Inquiery into the Political Integration of the Turkish ‘Settlers’ in Northern Cyprus,” PRIO/Cyprus Centre Report 4/2005, Nicosia/Oslo, PRIO.
- Hill, Sir George, (1952). A History of Cyprus, Vol. IV., Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.
- Ioannides, Christos P., 1991. “In Turkey’s Image: The Transformation of Occupied Cyprus into a Turkish Province,” Aristide D. Caratzas, New York.
- KKTC Başbakanlık Devlet Planlama Örgütü Müsteşarlığı, “15 Aralık 1996 Genel Nüfus Sayımı Sonuçları (Özet), 26, November 1997,” Nicosia.
- Mavrogordato, Alexander (1901), “Report and general abstracts of the census of 1901, taken on the 1st April, 1901,” Nicosia: Government Printing Office.
- Mavrogordato, Alexander (1912), “Report and general abstracts of the census of 1911, taken on the 2nd April, 1911,” London: Waterlow & Sons.
- Menardos, Simos (2001), Τοπωνημικαι και Λαογραφικαι Μελεται (Topographical and Folkloric Studies), Nicosia: Centre for Scientific Studies
Perry, Frederic W., 1884. Report on the Census of Cyprus 1881, Eyre and Spottiswoode, London.
- Republic of Cyprus, 1961. “Census of Population and Agriculture, 1960: Volume I: Population by Location, Race, and Sex,” Nicosia
- TRNC 2006 census preliminary results can be found at: www.devplan.org
TRNC Prime Ministry State Planning Organisation Statistics and Research Department, Census of Population: Social and Economic Characteristics of Population, December 15, 1996, TRNC Prime Ministry, Nicosia, 1999.
- Standing Cypriot Commission for the Standardization of Geographical Names (2007), “Οδηγος Τυποποιησης Ονοματων (Guide to Standardized Names),” Nicosia: Ministry of Education and Culture.
- Ministry of Finance (1973), “Micro-Census (April 1973) Population by Village and Ethnic Group, Volume I.” Nicosia: Department of Statistics and Research.
- Özad, Murat Hüsnü (2002), “Baf ve Mücadele Yılları,” Lefkoşa (Nicosia): Akdeniz Haber Ajansı Yayınları.
- Patrick, Richard (1976), “Political Geography and the Cyprus Conflict: 1963-1971,” Department of Geography, Faculty of Environmental Studies, University of Waterloo.
- Percival, D.A. (1949), “Census of population and agriculture 1946 report,” Nicosia: Cyprus Government Printing Office.
- Republic of Cyprus (1962), “Census of population and agriculture, 1960,” Nicosia: Government Printing Office.
- Republic of Cyprus (1984), “Census of population 1982,” Nicosia: Department of Statistics and Research, Ministry of Finance.
- Republic of Cyprus (2003), “Census of population 2001,” Nicosia: Department of Statistics and Research, Ministry of Finance.
- St John-Jones, L. W., 1983. “The Population of Cyprus: Demographic Trends and Socio-Economic Influences” (with a foreword by W. H. Morris-Jones), Maurice Temple, Smith Limited, London.
- T.C. Başbakanlık Devlet Arşivleri Genel Müdürlüğü (2000), “Osmanlı İdaresinde Kıbrıs (Nüfus-Arazi Dağılımı ve Türk Vakıfları),” Ankara: Osmanlı Arşivi Daire Başkanlığı Yayın No: 43.
- Yorgancıoğlu, Oğuz: Kıbrıs’ta Türkçe Yer Adları ve Veriliş Yöntemleri Üzerine Bir Araştırma Kıbrıs Araştırmaları Dergisi, Cilt : 2, Sayı : 3, Yıl : 96
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